Language PoliciDisability, and the Influence of the White Normative Gaze.

Language PoliciDisability, and the Influence of the White Normative Gaze.

by Sofia Cerros Lopez -
Number of replies: 2

The Phoung and Cioe-Peña reading raised how implicit the interconnection of race, language, and disability is until addressed directly. These social constructs are often co-constructed through school policing and policy. This perspective made me question how much of what is called "support" for students is actually to reinforce the same colonists ideologies that entail white, monolingual as the norm. What is often set as norm in schools includes the values of students going unnoticed at schools and even frames belonging with blending in which keeps the assimilation policy in rotation especially for students of color. Moreover, schools often mark difference as failure and that failure is placed on the individual rather than traced back to broader systemic structures of violence in the classrooms as we read in the example of how Dan was blaming their mom for not learning English to be able to communicate. 

Another thing I kept thinking throughout this reading is how labeling disabled students as having "special needs" reinforced this rhetoric. Calling it "special" creates a separation between "normal" needs and "other" needs when in reality everyone has different learning accommodations and needs. Framing it this way makes it easier for schools and others institutions to dismiss their responsibility in being able to meet disabled student needs. It pushes the burden onto these students and families rather than addressing the systemic barriers imposed in classrooms environments. This is also similar to how bilingual or deaf children are labeled as deficient when they are compared to the monolingual norm of English speakers. The problem is not with the children but with the institutions unwillingness to value multiple ways of learning, being, and communicating. 

Furthermore, another example that really stuck with me was the way Paty was speaking to Tanya about her language practices and framing Spanish as inferior to English. It made me connect this to my own experience on how I utilize Spanish most of the time in non-academic ways and how all of this reinforces this kind of narrative specially at Swarthmore. Even when I tried to purposely do my research in Spanish it often becomes more time-consuming and harder for me to the point that I give up. This made me think of how institutions push English as the "legitimate" language of knowledge production and how it also reflects how much resources and academic credibility are structured around English dominance. All of this reflects how language policing has never been neutral and how it's a mechanism to enforce who gets recognized as human, worthy of belonging, and as intelligent. 

In reply to Sofia Cerros Lopez

Re: Language PoliciDisability, and the Influence of the White Normative Gaze.

by Irene Kim -
Hey Sofia, thank you for your insights! I appreciate your point on assimilation policy in rotation for students of color. I’ve always found it bothersome that assimilation is so normalized in the U.S. — especially in an education context. What does it say about a country and education system when trying to fit such a diverse population into one mold? When you take a look at assimilation closer, your point that schools mark difference as failure comes to light. Why is difference considered bad/a failure? Is it because it threatens the white monolingual lens that a population has set up to shift power into their hands? I also agree to your point on the wording and use of “special” needs. The connotation of “special,” as you noted indicates a deviation from normalcy. Your last sentence is incredibly poignant & hits close to home.
In reply to Sofia Cerros Lopez

Re: Language PoliciDisability, and the Influence of the White Normative Gaze.

by Clara Villalba -
I greatly appreciate the sharing of this very insightful response, I am in such deep agreement with everything you presented here and am thankful for the clarity and the tenderness of your reflections.

You represented so well how race, language and disability interacted and were supported by systemic structures in schools. I really agreed with you when you talked about the term “support” mostly being used to uphold white, monolingual norms under the pretext of inclusion. Your dissection of the “special needs” label was also spot-on, it is indeed the case that this framing helps to divide rather than unite, and shifts the burden away from the institutions.

Your personal association with language and research at Swarthmore was a strong influence, too. It is a silent but powerful testimony to how deeply rooted the language hierarchies are even in the academic spaces that claim to appreciate cultural diversity. Your thoughts prompted me to think even deeper about how belonging is in most cases conditional and tied to assimilation, and how much it is really necessary to resist that.

I am really thankful for your response and for the way it makes these intricate dynamics visible.